What Are The Top 100 Search Engines For Academic Research?
by TeachThught Staff
General
Need to get started with a more broad search? These academic search engines are great resources.
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Access over 135 million publication pages and stay up to date with what’s happening in most professional fields.
With more than 1 billion documents, web pages, books, journals, newspapers, and more, RefSeek offers authoritative resources in just about any subject, without all of the mess of sponsored links and commercial results.
Digital Library of the Commons Repository
Check out the DLC to find international literature including free and open access full-text articles, papers, and dissertations.
Microsoft’s academic search engine offers access to more than 38 million different publications, with features including maps, graphing, trends, and paths that show how authors are connected.
Google’s super cool search tool will allow you to find searches that correlate with real-world data.
Using expert-level knowledge, this search engine doesn’t just find links; it answers questions, does analysis, and generates reports.
BASE is one of the world’s most voluminous search engines, especially for academic web resources. BASE provides more than 200 million documents from more than 8,000 content providers. You can access the full texts of about 60% of the indexed documents for free (Open Access). BASE is operated by Bielefeld University Library.
Databases and Archives
Resources like the Library of Congress have considerable archives and documents available, and many of them have taken their collections online. Use these search tools to get access to these incredible resources.
In this incredible library, you’ll get access to searchable source documents, historical photos, and amazing digital collections.
Find the best of what Britain has to offer in the Archives Hub. You’ll be able to search archives from almost 200 institutions from England, Scotland, and Wales.
Check out this resource for access to the National Archives. Find online, public access to find historic documents, research, government information, and more in a single search.
Cornell University’s arXiv.org offers open access to a wealth of e-prints in math, science, and related subjects. Search this resource to find what you need among 1,772,647 documents and counting.
A service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, you can find global information for agriculture in the National Agricultural Library.
Smithsonian Institution Research Information System
Get access to the considerable resources of the Smithsonian Institution through the Research Information System, a great way to search more than 7.4 million records from the Smithsonian’s museums, archives, and libraries.
The British Library Catalogues & Collection
Explore the British Library catalogs, printed materials, digital collections, and even collection blogs for a wealth of resources.
As the center of intelligence, the CIA has certainly done its job with The World Factbook, offering information on major reference information around the world. History, people, government, economy, and more are all covered in this online publication.
State Legislative Websites Directory
Use this database to find information from the legislatures of all 50 U.S. states, DC, and the Territories. You can look up bills, statutes, legislators, and more with this excellent tool.
Catalog of U.S. Government Publications
Search through the Catalog of U.S. Government Publications to find descriptive records for historical and current publications, with direct links where available.
iSeek is an excellent targeted search engine, designed especially for students, teachers, administrators, and caregivers. Find authoritative, intelligent, and time-saving resources in a safe, editor-reviewed environment with iSEEK.
Books & Journals
Instead of heading to the library to bury your face in the stacks, use these search engines to find out which libraries have the books you need, and maybe even find them available online.
Check out Google Scholar to find only scholarly resources on Google. The search specializes in articles, patents, and legal documents, and even has a resource for gathering your citations.
Microsoft Academic is a semantic academic search engine powered by Microsoft Academic Graph (MAG) data and Microsoft Academic Knowledge Exploration Service (MAKES) hosted API’s.
Find items from 10,000 libraries worldwide, with books, DVDs, CDs, and articles up for grabs. You can even find your closest library with WorldCat’s tools.
Supercharge your research by searching this index of the world’s books. You’ll find millions for free and others you can preview to find out if they’re what you’re looking for.
For scientific information only, Scirus is a comprehensive research tool with more than 460 million scientific items including journal content, courseware, patents, educational websites, and more.
Find the world’s classic literature, open e-books, and other excellent open and free resources in the Open Library. You can even contribute to the library with information, corrections to the catalog, and curated lists.
Search Bioline International to get connected with a variety of scientific journals. The search is managed by scientists and librarians as a collaborative initiative between Bioline Toronto and the Reference Center on Environmental Information.
Directory of Open Access Journals
When you need top-quality journal writings for free, the Directory of Open Access Journals is a great place to check out. You’ll get access to a searchable journal of full-text quality controlled scientific and scholarly journals.
In this curated academic search engine, you’ll get results from over 4,000 free scholarly e-journals in the arts and humanities.
Science
With a focus on science, these academic search engines return all-science, all the time.
In this government science portal, you can search more than 60 databases and 2,200 selected websites across more than 200 million pages and 12 federal agencies. This is an incredible resource for millions of pages of U.S. government science information.
This organization for nuclear research serves up a great search and directory for experiments, archives, articles, books, presentations, and so much more within their documents.
Use WorldWideScience.org as a global science gateway, offering excellent search results in the sciences, and even the option to select specific databases and find resources in your own language.
Math & Technology
Keep your results limited to only the best math and technology resources by using these search engines.
Zentralblatt MATH’s online database has millions of entries from thousands of serials and journals dating back as far as 1826. Nearly 35,000 items were added in 2012 alone.
This database was made for scientists and engineers by the Institution of Engineering and Technology. You’ll find nearly 13 million abstracts and research literature, primarily in the fields of physics and engineering.
The Collection of Computer Science Bibliographies
Find more than 3 million references to journal articles, conference papers, and technical reports in computer science with this bibliography collection.
Social Science
Researchers working in the fields of psychology, anthropology, and related subjects will find great results using these search engines.
Behavioral Brain Science Archive
Check out this searchable archive to find extensive psychology and brain science articles.
Social Science Research Network
In this research network, you can find a wide variety of social science research from a number of specialized networks including cognitive science, leadership, management, and social insurance.
Social Sciences Citation Index
The Thomson Reuters Social Sciences Citation Index is a paid tool, but well worth its cost for the wealth of relevant articles, search tools, and thorough resources available.
Search the languages of the world with Ethnologue, offering an encyclopedic reference of all the world’s known living languages. You’ll also be able to find more than 28,000 citations in the Ethnologue’s language research bibliography.
History
Find awesome resources for history through these search engines that index original documents, sources, and archives.
David Rumsey Historical Map Collection
Use the LUNA Browser to check out David Rumsey’s Map Collection with more than 30,000 images, searchable by keyword.
Find excellent sources for women’s history with the Genesis dataset and extensive list of web resources.
Get access to historical military records through Fold3, the web’s premier collection of original military records and memorials.
Internet Modern History Sourcebook
Use the Internet Modern History Sourcebook to find thousands of sources in modern history. Browse and search to find full texts, multimedia, and more.
Library of Anglo-American Culture and History
Use the history guide from the Library of Anglo-American Culture and History for a subject catalog of recommended websites for historians, with about 11,000 to choose from.
Internet Ancient History Sourcebook
The Internet Ancient History Sourcebook is a great place to study human origins, with full text and search on topics including Mesopotamia, Rome, the Hellenistic world, Late Antiquity, and Christian origins.
In this tool for collaborative education and research, students can learn history by researching, writing, and publishing, creating a collection of historical articles in U.S. history that can be searched for here by scholars, teachers, and the general public.
Business and Economics
Using these search engines, you’ll get access to business publications, journal articles, and more.
Virtual Library Labour History
Maintained by the International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam, this library offers historians excellent content for learning about economics, business, and more.
Visit EconLit to access more than 120 years of economics literature from around the world in an easily searchable format. Find journal articles, books, book reviews, articles, working papers, and dissertations, as well as historic journal articles from 1886 to 1968.
National Bureau of Economic Research
On this site, you can learn about and find access to great resources in economic research.
Find research in economics and related sciences through the RePEc, a volunteer-maintained bibliographic database of working papers, articles, books, and even software components with more than 1.2 million research pieces.
Perfect for researching companies, Corporate Information offers an easy way to find corporate financial records.
Economists will enjoy this excellent site for finding economics resources, including jobs, courses, and even conferences.
Easily look up stocks with this search engine to monitor the stock market and your portfolio.
The SEC requires certain disclosures that can be helpful to investors, and you can find them all here in this helpful, next-generation system for searching electronic investment documents.
Other Niches
Find even more specialized information in these niche search engines.
From the U.S. National Library of Medicine, PubMed is a great place to find full-text medical journal articles, with more than 19 million available.
Find reliable, authoritative information for legal search with the Lexis site.
Circumpolar Health Bibliographic Database
Visit this database to find more than 6,300 records relating to human health in the circumpolar region.
Education Resources Information Center
In the ERIC Collection, you’ll find bibliographic records of education literature, as well as a growing collection of full-text resources.
A service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, Medline Plus offers a powerful search tool and even a dictionary for finding trusted, carefully chosen health information.
A free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature.
Search Artcyclopedia to find everything there is to know about fine art, with 160,000 links, 9,000 artists listed, and 2,900 art sites indexed.
Reference
Get connected with great reference material through these search tools.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary and Thesaurus
Use this online dictionary and thesaurus to quickly find definitions and synonyms.
Through References.net, you can get connected with just about every reference tool available, from patents to almanacs.
Need the right thing to say? Check out Quotes.net to reference famous words from famous people.
A library and search database for literature and literary books and documents.
CORE’s mission is to aggregate all open access research outputs from repositories and journals worldwide and make them available to the public. In this way, CORE facilitates free unrestricted access to research for all.
More Academic Search Engines
United States Department of Agriculture: National Agricultural Library
Analytical Sciences Digital Library